Hunger And Hunger Related Illnesses - 1540 Words

Approximately 795 million people in the world are chronically malnourished. That means that one in nine people do not have enough food to live a healthy lifestyle. This is the biggest problem affecting a considerable amount of the human population. Hunger and hunger related illnesses kill just over 6 millions children a year. Hunger is not partial to race or gender, it’s a problem in all corners of the world, it affects people in even the most developed countries. The more humans progress the more this problem, logically, the more this problem should diminish but that is not the case. The problem does not lie in the lack of food production, or lack of food on earth, rather there is an excess of food that could feed everyone with ease. Global food insecurity is a solvable issue. The selfishness and yearn for excess is what is continuing starvation. Hunger could be solved at any point in time if everyone came together to support efforts. The government and the people need to wor k together to end this epidemic, this is a problem everyone needs to deal with. Hunger is defined in Merriam Webster s Dictionary as a craving or urgent need for food or a specific nutrient or an uneasy sensation occasioned by the lack of food. The effects of hunger on a human are dreadful. Hunger doesn t just affect the stomach, it affects the whole body. Vital organs are compromised and one becomes more likely to get diseases. When one is malnourished it becomes harder to concentrate as the brainShow MoreRelatedThe Hunger Of World Hunger1261 Words   |  6 Pagespeople. But it’s kind of ironic world hunger still exist and is the leading cause of deaths per year. According to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization estimates that about 805 million people of the 7.3 billion people in the world were suffering from chronic undernourishment. World hunger doesn’t just kill people, it’s linked to diseases, physiological issues and poverty as well. Tha t’s about 24,000 people dying a day. But what does hunger mean? Hunger is a term which has three differentRead MoreHunger Is Huge Crisis By Developing Countries1603 Words   |  7 Pagesdies due to hunger. Although it seems like this couldn’t be right, that something should be wrong with this bit of information, this statistic is all true. Something as simple as food can cause 8,640 kids to die a day and 300 million children go hungry every day, most of them living in developing countries, and stuck in a life of poverty. Hunger is huge crisis, in developing countries, that has a large amount of negative impacts on the people living there and generations to come. Hunger and CausesRead MoreFood Stamp Challenge For Hunger1719 Words   |  7 PagesFood Stamp Challenge Introduction to Hunger Imagine your stomach growling, a feeling of emptiness, fatigue, and an inability to concentrate. Most people would associate these feelings with hunger and eat. Unfortunately, many Americans do not have the luxury of eating because of living in poverty. According to the Census Bureau and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the number of people living in poverty rose from 31.6 million in 2000 to 36.5 million in 2006. The number of people living in householdsRead MoreThe Issue of Hunger in the United States1348 Words   |  5 Pages After the Great recession, hunger has become a more prevalent problem but not much has been done about it. Solving the issue of hunger has lagged behind other issues like education. This has to do with our tradition of classical liberalism. Classical liberalism places emphasis on individualism and less government intervention. In addition, the divided political nature of the United States keeps its populations split as to whether or not government shoul d get involved and spend money to help theRead MoreHunger, Malnutrition, And Famine937 Words   |  4 Pages(Food Program, 2015, para. 1). Both hunger and malnutrition serve to be the number one risk to health and well-being, more so than Aids, Tuberculosis, and Malaria combined (Food Program, 2015, para. 1). Although the planet produces enough food to feed everyone (Wright Boorse, 2014), hunger, malnutrition, and famine continue to adversely affect people in both developed and developing nations. Children are particularly susceptible to the ill effects of hunger and malnutrition as stunting or growthRead MoreOne Less Child: The Positive Effects Of Universal Free1297 Words   |  6 Pagesshrug. I was hungry, but I am trying me best. The youth of today suffer a terrible injustice due to no fault of their own. It negatively influences all aspects of their lives and hinders the child’s ability to receive an education. That injustice is hunger. A student’s academic performance deteriorates, as well as their physical and emotional health. The Community Eligibility Provision, (CEP), is the saving grace for children dealing with economic uncertainty. CEP provides all students both breakfastRead MoreHealth And Globalization : Questions Essay1363 Words   |  6 Pagespandemic could cause aloss in millions of lives, damage the world economy and the civilization itself is a scenario of many movies and TV shows. But stepping back with the globalization will not solve these issues. Part of these issues is not solely related to the globalization. Urbanization, sanitation, drinking water access issues for any country (globalization101.org). Developing countries are affected more as they lack financial power to treat and prevent the diseases. To further develop these countriesRead MoreGenetically Modified Organisms : The Most Valuable Source Human Beings Need?1169 Words   |  5 Pages What’s the most valuable source human beings need? It’s food! But when does crossing the line of messing with food take a toll on human consumption? Should an effort to curb world hunger increase food production through the use of GMOs? There’s many speculations on GMOs on how some say it s bad for human consumption and how others say it s perfectly fine. This argument will be about how GMOs are bad for human consumption who many people tend to go on that side. To begin, what isRead MoreHealth, Food, And Nutrition1291 Words   |  6 Pagesthink that informing people about good vs bad food will help not only combat obesity, but also other health-related issues. However, these nutritionists can’t pinpoint where the problem is coming from or why people aren’t following their recommendations. As a result, they start with being generic as finding food that will solve global concerns (Yates-Doerr, The Capacity of Reduction). Global hunger is a serious issue, especially in third world countries where they lack proteins and nutrients to help stimulateRead MoreFamine Essay1435 Words   |  6 Pagesmust be solved because famine leads to many hunger-related deaths worldwide. â€Å"In 1996 about 849 million people lived in famine, about 35,000 people die each day. A majority were children†. (Clark 148) Facts about famine. â€Å"In the Asian, African and Latin American countries, well over 500 million people are living in what the World Bank has called absolute poverty. Every year 15 million children die of hunger. For the price of one missile, a school full

The Medical Model Of Disability - 1551 Words

The medical model of disability has done a great disservice to people with disabilities in American society. It has helped shape and continues to perpetuate a belief system that people with disabilities are weak, dependent, and incapable of performing like â€Å"normal† people. This paper examines how the medical model influences society’s perceptions of disability through the use of language and the media which cause people with disabilities to be marginalized and experience inequalities. Under the medical model, disability is defined as any restriction or lack of ability, resulting from an impairment, to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being (World Health Organization, 1980). The medical model views disability as the problem of the person that is caused by disease, trauma, or other health conditions which requires treatment by professionals who manage the disability by trying to find a cure or to make the disabled pe rson more â€Å"normal†. This typically doesn’t work because many disabled people are not necessarily sick or they cannot be improved by remedial medical treatment. The only solution left under this model is to work towards an effective cure by accepting the disability and providing the necessary care needed for the disabled individual to make adjustments to be as â€Å"normal† as they can be. Under the medical model, society is not seen as having any responsibility to accommodate people with disabilities. It is theShow MoreRelatedThe Medical Model Of Disability952 Words   |  4 PagesDisability means something entirely different depending on the people you ask. Ask a person who does not have a disability and they may give you a view that is based on the medical model of disability. Ask a person that is disabled and they may give you a view that is based on the social model of disability. While both views of what disability means have their merits, not one int erpretation is universally accepted. I believe the truth lies somewhere in the middle. At the intersection of the medicalRead MoreThe Medical Model Of Disability1533 Words   |  7 PagesThe medical model focuses more on the problem and not the person, so the problem would be things such as the disabilities and impairments rather than the needs of the person. The medical model thinks the way to solve the disability would be through things such as surgery, physio etc. If people who follow the medical model think that that a medical cure is not possible then they could exclude someone with a disability from a normal day to day activities or they could be shut way from society in aRead MoreSocial Medical Model Disability1203 Words   |  5 PagesThe social and medical model of disability There are a number of ‘models’ of disability which have been defined over the last few years. The two most frequently mentioned are the ‘social’ and the ‘medical’ models of disability. The medical model of disability views disability as a ‘problem’ that belongs to the disabled individual. It is not seen as an issue to concern anyone other than the individual affected. For example, if a wheelchair using student is unable to get into a building becauseRead MoreThe Medical And Social Models Of Disability2264 Words   |  10 Pages What do you understand by the medical and social models of disability? Illustrate your answer with examples from your media portfolio. The social and medical model are separate elements which have a big impact on people’s life. Disability as a whole influences society because we start from a young age learning, which will effect the kind of person we are and the kind of person we become. The word ‘model’ helps define the disability and understand the concepts in which it is perceived by individualsRead More Social and Medical Disability Models Essay2243 Words   |  9 PagesI aim to provide the reader with an overview of two prominent models of disability: the medical model and the social model. More specifically, I intend to outline the differences between these models, especially their theory and practice. Firstly, I will note the definition of what a model of disability is and point to its relevance in disability studies. I will also briefly examine the origins of both the medical and social models, but mainly outlining the contributions of their respective theoreticalRead MoreMedical and Social Models of Disability Essay1857 Words   |  8 PagesIt could be said that in modern industrial society, Disability is still widely regarded as tragic individual failing, in which its â€Å"victims† require care, sympathy and medical diagnosis. Whilst medical science has served to improve and enhance the quality of life for many it could be argued that it has also led to further segregation and separation of many individuals. This could be caused by its insistence on labelling one as â€Å"sick†, â€Å"abnormal† or â€Å"mental†. Consequently, what this act of labellingRead MoreThe Medical Model : Where Disability Is Viewed As An Impairment952 Words   |  4 Pages the medical model, where disability is viewed as an impairment to be cured or prevented. This view may significantly inform the kind of service and treatment doctors provide or recommend for these individuals. In fact, researchers and doctors themselves have voiced concerns that medical practitioners do not undergo sufficient training to address disability and sexuality (Barbuto Napolitano, 2014; Gilmore Malcolm, 2014). Doctors need to be well informed about the issues in this area and supportiveRead More3.3 Explain the Social and Medical Models of Disability and the Impact of Each on Practice.998 Words   |  4 PagesSocial models and medical models of disability By labelling a child because of there disability can prevent us as seeing the child as a whole person like their gender, culture and social background the medical models is a traditional view of disability and that through medical intervention the person can be cured where in fact in most cases there is no cure. They expect disabled people to change to fit into society. The social model of disability looks at ways to address issues to enable peopleRead MoreModels of Disability941 Words   |  4 PagesModels of Disability Disability is a human reality that has been perceived differently by diverse cultures and historical periods.   For most of the 20th century, disability was defined according to a medical model. In the medical model, disability is assumed to be a way to characterize a particular set of largely static, functional limitations. This led to stereotyping and defining people by condition or limitations.   World Health Organization (WHO) – New definition of Disability In 2001, theRead MoreEvaluate Two Models of Disability in Terms of Explaining the Concept of Disability.1613 Words   |  7 PagesEvaluate two models of disability in terms of explaining the concept of disability. Medical model;-- Weaknesses;-- There are many weaknesses of the medical model. One of the weaknesses that I am going to talk about is that in some cases people see the medical model as an insult due to the fact that the model tries to ‘fix’ people with a disability instead of making adjustments and adaptions to environments, activities etc†¦ for them. Due to the fact that the medical model is trying to ‘fix’ tem, may

Clinical Reasoning Cycle Leonard

Question: Discuss about the Clinical Reasoning Cycle Leonard's Falls And Other Health Risk Factors. Answer: Introduction Effective clinical reasoning skills are vital for a nurse to improve patients health condition and ensure positive outcomes. The process of clinical reasoning developed by Levett Jone is the cycle of linked and ongoing clinical situations (Dalton et al. 2015). The paper deals with the case study of Leonard who is presented to the acute medical ward after fall. The report discusses Leonards falls and other health risk factors using the reasoning cycle framework. The report further critically evaluates the best-practice assessment tools appropriate for the case. Lastly, the report presents the support given to Leonard applying the person-centred approach while meeting the obligations as health professional. Leonards falls and other health risk factors Collection of information As per the case history of Leonard, his age is 65 years. He is admitted to acute medical ward by the Emergency Department after falling at local shop. He did not sustain a fracture, although he had severe bruising of his face and hip. He is diagnosed with decompensate liver disease due to heavy alcohol intake (40 g/day for last month). His clinical handover shows present symptoms of anorexia, dyspnoea, jaundice, and lethargy. He was not coping with his illness prior to his admission. His admission history shows mental and behavioural disorder due to alcohol dependence, a decubitus ulcer on the shin of his left leg, anaemia, industrial deafness, some evidence of urinary incontinence, mild hypotension, lower limb oedema, and regular falls. After his wife death, Leonard has lost support system. He lives in a single storey house, with four steps to the front and two steps at the back with no rails. He lives with his housemate, who is mentally ill and rarely home. He receives mild support from his two elder sisters. Over the last six months, he is unable to carry his activities of daily living independently. In addition, he has some evidence of urinary incontinence and lower limb oedema. He had a Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score of 28/30, but appears to have little insight into his problems and also exhibits motor planning difficulties. In addition, Leonard also has industrial deafness as he worked as boilermaker in a very noisy factory. The patient denies support services at home; however, he is keen to return home. The cause of physical deterioration was due to range of manual and labouring jobs. He is mostly restricted to home with no entertainment. Process of information Leonard has severe risk of fall in future as he his physically fragile. His physical frailty is also evident from his need of walking frame for mobility. Recently, his functioning has detoriated due to which he is not able to perform his activities of daily living independently. Due to dyspnoea, anorexia, arthritis in his lower back, mild hypotension, he is at risk of poor physiologic condition and poor mobility (Shen et al. 2015). According to Soenen and Chapman (2013. P. 643) lack of grab rails on the toilet is adding to the risk of fall. Adding to the risk is his muscle weakness, poor balance and risk of gait. MMSE score of 28/30 is indicative of normal cognition. However, Motor planning difficulties and confusion can lead to frequent accidents and decrease confidence (Schoene et al. 2014). He needs dietitian to maintain healthy nutritional status, as he is anorexic and anaemic. His alcoholic liver disease also increases the risk of gastrointestinal tract upset. His symptoms of dyspnea increase the risk of respiratory diseases (Yeluru et al. 2016). Leonard has poor coordination and is not mentally alert. It is evident from his poor planning of tasks and inability to get dressed (Mihaljcic et al. 2015). He lacks support and care needed as he lives alone with his housemate too has mental illness. He receives inadequate support and assistance from his two elder sisters. He was in bereavement after his wifes death due to cancer. It may have caused him to developed fear of hospitals. This fear is depriving him of receiving adequate physical and mental health care (Keyes et al. 2014). His alcohol dependence is also the outcome of his bereavement and has caused decompensate liver disease. He lacks love, belongingness and affection, which is decreasing his coping with illness ( Feng et al. 2014). Lack of family members support and hearing impairment decreases social life and depression. It decreases functional and emotional status. Leonard has low energy to take part in recreational activities such as gardening and fishing. Financial constraints in addition to illness may be adding to the depression (Roets-Merken et al. 2015). In conclusion, Leonard has high risk of fall. In addition to that, other health risk factors of Leonard include Increased risk of mortality due to alcoholic liver disease, Decreased independency to perform activities of daily living, Development of depression and anxiety, Neglecting personal hygiene, Risk of gastrointestinal tract upset Risk of respiratory disease Risk of poor social connectedness due to hearing impairment, poor mobility and motor planning difficulties Three best-practice assessment tools appropriate for this case The three best practice assessment tools appropriate for this case are Falls Risk Assessment Tool or FRAT, Mini-mental state examination or MMSE, and Alcohol use screening assessment tool. The best practice assessment tools for Leonard for his fall are Peninsula Health FRAT. It is commonly used in Australia for elderly people living in community (Hill et al. 2016). The study evaluating the reliability and validity of FRAT has been published in Cattelani et al. (2015). FRAT has three sections. The first section assesses falls risk status followed by the second section consisting of risk factor checklist and the last section dealing with action plan. The tool requires approximately 15-20 minutes. The tool has criterion that is Medium risk: score of 1215 and a High risk: score of 1620. This assessment tool gives detailed information on the underlying factors contributing to the patients fall. It serves as screening test only The best practice assessment tools for cognition are MMSE. This tool is effective for grading the cognitive state of the client. The tool gives information on the degree of cognitive impairment (out of 30 if the score is 21-24 then it is mild impairment, 10-20 as moderate and The third assessment tool appropriate for Leonard is the Short Michigan Alcoholism Screening Instrument Geriatric Version (SMAST-G). The instrument has scoring system where a score of 2 or more responses for Yes indicates the alcohol dependency problem. This tool is the first step to develop interventions and referral to treatment (Taylor et al. 2014). Nurses can use the scores to determine the degree to cut alcohol intake when scored high above the recommended state. In older adults the score helps to determine the risk of depression, anxiety, gastrointestinal problems. The instrument can only be used for screening and has been commonly used for older adults who are drinking at higher levels. The tool has been found to have high sensitivity and specificity. The feasibility and the acceptability of the tool has been tested and its reliability and validity has been published in Randall-James et al. (2015) Person-centred approach to support Leonards rights In nursing practice, person-centred care is essential to improve patients health outcomes. As a nurse, focus will be put on Leonards individual needs and goals. The family member of the client will be involved as appropriate. His right of autonomy will be ensured by involving him in making heath related decisions. His rights to access health care information, treatment options and express personal concerns will be maintained. The patients right to dignity will be maintained by knowing the patient as an individual, being responsive, and respecting his values, needs and preferences. While caring and promoting physical and emotional comfort emphasis will be given on his freedom of choice. Patients Privacy will be respected while caring and confidentiality of the information will be protected. The standards set by the Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia in respect to the code of ethics will be complied. The standards set by the board will be strictly followed for providing the right care to the patient considering the spiritual, cultural and ethnic factors (Gray et al. 2016). Conclusion The paper has highlighted the health risk factors of Leonard supporting with literature. It has discussed the effective assessment tools for Leonard. In conclusion, nurses need effective clinical reasoning skills to identify the health risk factors and priority needs of patient. Nurse must be aware of the necessary tools for health assessment of patients to develop effective care plan. Nurses must protect patients rights, as it is important for their satisfaction of health care services. Nurses need to be competent in implementing the person centred approach and must be efficient in placing the patients needs above those identified as priorities by the heath cafe professional. References Cattelani, L., Palumbo, P., Palmerini, L., Bandinelli, S., Becker, C., Chesani, F. Chiari, L., 2015. FRAT-up, a web-based fall-risk assessment tool for elderly people living in the community.Journal of medical Internet research,vol. 17, no. 2. Dalton, L., Gee, T. Levett-Jones, T., 2015. Using clinical reasoning and simulation-based education to'flip'the Enrolled Nurse curriculum.Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing, vol. 33, no.2, p. 29. Feng, L., Nyunt, M.S.Z., Feng, L., Yap, K.B. Ng, T.P., 2014. Frailty predicts new and persistent depressive symptoms among community-dwelling older adults: findings from Singapore longitudinal aging study.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association,vol. 15, no. 1, pp.76-e7. Gray, M., Rowe, J. Barnes, M., 2016. Midwifery professionalisation and practice: Influences of the changed registration standards in Australia.Women and Birth,vol. 2, no. 1, pp.54-61. Hill, K.D., Flicker, L., Logiudice, D., Smith, K., Atkinson, D., Hyde, Z., Fenner, S., Skeaf, L., Malay, R. Boyle, E., 2016. Falls risk assessment outcomes and factors associated with falls for older Indigenous Australians.Australian and New Zealand journal of public health,vol. 40, no.6, pp.553-558. Keyes, K.M., Pratt, C., Galea, S., McLaughlin, K.A., Koenen, K.C. Shear, M.K., 2014. The burden of loss: unexpected death of a loved one and psychiatric disorders across the life course in a national study.American Journal of Psychiatry,vol.171, no. 8, pp.864-871. Mihaljcic, T., Haines, T.P., Ponsford, J.L. Stolwyk, R.J., 2015. Self-awareness of falls risk among elderly patients: characterizing awareness deficits and exploring associated factors.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation,vol. 96, no. 12, pp.2145-2152. Mitchell, A.J., 2017. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE): update on its diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility for cognitive disorders. InCognitive Screening Instruments.Springer International Publishing, pp. 37-48. Randall-James, J., Wadd, S., Edwards, K. Thake, A., 2015. Alcohol screening in people with cognitive impairment: an exploratory study.Journal of dual diagnosis,vol. 11, no.1, pp.65-74. Roets-Merken, L.M., Draskovic, I., Zuidema, S.U., van Erp, W.S., Graff, M.J., Kempen, G.I. Vernooij-Dassen, M.J., 2015. Effectiveness of rehabilitation interventions in improving emotional and functional status in hearing or visually impaired older adults: a systematic review with meta-analyses.Clinical rehabilitation,vol. 29, no. 2, pp.107-119. Salminen, H., Zary, N., Bjrklund, K., Toth-Pal, E. Leanderson, C., 2014. Virtual patients in primary care: developing a reusable model that fosters reflective practice and clinical reasoning.Journal of medical Internet research,vol. 16, no. 1, p. e3. Schoene, D., Valenzuela, T., Lord, S.R. de Bruin, E.D., 2014. The effect of interactive cognitive-motor training in reducing fall risk in older people: a systematic review.BMC geriatrics,vol. 14, no. 1, p.107. Shen, H.W., Feld, S., Dunkle, R.E., Schroepfer, T. Lehning, A., 2015. The prevalence of older couples with ADL limitations and factors associated with ADL help receipt.Journal of gerontological social work,vol. 58, no. 2, pp.171-189. Soenen, S. Chapman, I.M., 2013. Body weight, anorexia, and undernutrition in older people.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association,vol. 14, no. 9, pp.642-648. Stein, J., Luppa, M., Kaduszkiewicz, H., Eisele, M., Weyerer, S., Werle, J., Bickel, H., Msch, E., Wiese, B., Prokein, J. Pentzek, M., 2015. Is the Short Form of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) a better screening instrument for dementia in older primary care patients than the original MMSE? Results of the German study on ageing, cognition, and dementia in primary care patients (AgeCoDe).Psychological assessment,vol. 27, no. 3, p.895. Taylor, C., Jones, K.A. Dening, T., 2014. Detecting alcohol problems in older adults: can we do better?.International psychogeriatrics,vol. 26, no. 11, pp.1755-1766. Yeluru, A., Cuthbert, J.A., Casey, L. Mitchell, M.C., 2016. Alcoholic Hepatitis: Risk Factors, Pathogenesis, and Approach to Treatment.Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research,vol. 40, no. 2, pp.246-255.